SECTION VI - GRIEVANCE PROCEDURES

1. Overview

Washington & Jefferson College will act on any formal or informal notice/complaint of violation of the Policy that is received by the Title IX Coordinator or any other Official with Authority by applying these procedures. If a situation arises where these procedures do not apply under this limited definition of harassment, retaliation, and/or misconduct, then the Title IX Coordinator will refer the parties to every applicable grievance process within other Washington & Jefferson College policies.

The procedures below apply to all allegations of harassment or discrimination on the basis of protected class status involving students, staff, administrators, or faculty members. A set of technical dismissal requirements within the Title IX regulations may apply as described below, but when a technical dismissal under the Title IX allegations is required, any remaining allegations will proceed using these same grievance procedures, clarifying which policies above are applicable. Although the effect of the Title IX regulations can be confusing, these grievance procedures apply to all policies above.

The procedures below may be used to address collateral misconduct arising from the investigation of or occurring in conjunction with reported misconduct (e.g., vandalism, physical abuse of another). All other allegations of misconduct unrelated to incidents covered by the Policy will be addressed through procedures described in the student, faculty, and staff handbooks.

2. Notice/Complaint

Upon receipt of a complaint or notice to the Title IX Coordinator of an alleged violation of the Policy, the Title IX Coordinator initiates a prompt initial assessment to determine the next steps Washington & Jefferson College needs to take.

The Title IX Coordinator will initiate at least one of three responses:

1. Offering supportive measures because the Complainant does not want to file a formal complaint; and/or
2. An informal resolution; and/or
3. A Grievance Process including an investigation and possible hearing (upon submission of a complaint).

Washington & Jefferson College uses the Grievance Process to determine whether or not the Policy has been violated. If so, Washington & Jefferson College will promptly implement effective remedies designed to ensure that it is not deliberately indifferent to harassment or discrimination, their potential recurrence, or their effects.

3. Initial Assessment

Following receipt of notice or a complaint of an alleged violation of this Policy, the Title IX Coordinator engages in an initial assessment, typically within one to five business days. The steps in an initial assessment can include:

• If notice is given, the Title IX Coordinator seeks to determine if the person impacted wishes to make a complaint, and will assist them to do so, if desired.

  • If they do not wish to do so, the Title IX Coordinator determines whether to initiate a complaint because a violence risk assessment indicates a compelling threat to health and/or safety.

• If a complaint is received, the Title IX Coordinator assesses its sufficiency and works with the Complainant to make sure it is correctly completed.
• The Title IX Coordinator reaches out to the Complainant to offer supportive measures.
• The Title IX Coordinator works with the Complainant to ensure they are aware of the right to have an Advisor.
• The Title IX Coordinator works with the Complainant to determine whether the Complainant prefers a supportive and remedial response, an informal resolution option, or an investigation and grievance process.  o If a supportive and remedial response is preferred, the Title IX Coordinator works with the Complainant to identify their wishes, assesses the request, and implements accordingly. No Grievance Process is initiated, though the Complainant can elect to initiate one later, if desired.

  • If an informal resolution option is preferred, the Title IX Coordinator assesses whether the complaint is suitable for informal resolution and may seek to determine if the Respondent is also willing to engage in informal resolution.
  • If a Grievance Process is preferred, the Title IX Coordinator determines if the misconduct alleged falls within the scope of Title IX:

    • If it does, the Title IX Coordinator will initiate the investigation and grievance process, directing the investigation to address:

      • an incident, and/or
      • a pattern of alleged misconduct, and/or
      • a culture/climate issue, based on the nature of the complaint.

    • If it does not, the Title IX Coordinator determines that Title IX does not apply (and will "dismiss" that aspect of the complaint, if any), assesses which policies may apply, which resolution process is applicable, and will refer the matter accordingly.  Please note that dismissing a complaint under Title IX is solely a procedural requirement under Title IX and does not limit Washington & Jefferson College's authority to address a complaint with an appropriate process and remedies.

4. Dismissal of a Complaint

Washington & Jefferson College may dismiss a complaint of sex discrimination made through the grievance procedures for any of the following reasons:

1. Washington & Jefferson College is unable to identify the respondent after taking reasonable steps to do so;
2. The Respondent is not participating in Washington & Jefferson's education program or activity and is not employed by W&J;
3. The complainant voluntarily withdraws any or all of the allegations in the complaint, the Title IX Coordinator declines to initiate a complaint, or the conduct would not constitute sex discrimination under Title IX, even if proven.

Washington & Jefferson College may dismiss a formal complaint or any allegations therein if, at any time during the investigation or hearing:

1. A Complainant notifies the Title IX Coordinator in writing that the Complainant would like to withdraw the complaint or any allegations therein; or
2. The Respondent is no longer enrolled in or employed by the recipient; or
3. Specific circumstances prevent the recipient from gathering evidence sufficient to reach a determination as to the complaint or allegations therein.

Upon any dismissal, Washington & Jefferson College will promptly send written notice of the dismissal and the rationale for doing so simultaneously to the parties.

This dismissal decision is appealable by any party under the procedures for appeal below. A Complainant who decides to withdraw a complaint may later request to reinstate it or refile it.

5. Counterclaims

Washington & Jefferson College is obligated to ensure that the grievance process is not abused for retaliatory purposes. Washington & Jefferson College permits the filing of counterclaims but uses an initial assessment, described above, to assess whether the allegations in the counterclaim are made in good faith. Counterclaims by a Respondent may be made in good faith, but are, on occasion, made for purposes of retaliation, instead. Counterclaims made with retaliatory intent will not be permitted.

Counterclaims determined to have been reported in good faith will be processed using the grievance procedures. Investigation of such claims may take place after resolution of the underlying initial allegation, in which case a delay may occur.  Counterclaims may also be resolved through the same investigation as the underlying allegation, at the discretion of the Title IX Coordinator. When counterclaims are not made in good faith, they will be considered retaliatory and may constitute a violation of this policy.

6. Right to an Advisor

The parties may each have an Advisor of their choice present with them for all meetings,
interviews, and hearings within the resolution process, if they so choose. The parties may select whoever they wish to serve as their Advisor as long as the Advisor is eligible and available.

Choosing an Advisor who is also a witness in the process creates potential for bias and conflict of-interest. A party who chooses an Advisor who is also a witness can anticipate that issues of potential bias will be explored by the decision-maker.

1. Who Can Serve as an Advisor
   The Advisor may be a friend, mentor, family member, attorney, or any other individual a party chooses to advise, support, and/or consult with them throughout the resolution process. The parties may choose Advisors from inside or outside of the Washington & Jefferson College community.

   The Title IX Coordinator will also offer to assign a trained Advisor for any party if the party so chooses. If the parties choose an Advisor from the pool available from Washington & Jefferson College, the Advisor will be trained by Washington & Jefferson College and be familiar with Washington & Jefferson College's resolution process.

   If the parties choose an Advisor from outside the pool of those identified by Washington & Jefferson College, the Advisor may not have been trained by Washington & Jefferson College and may not be familiar with Washington & Jefferson College policies and procedures.

   Parties also have the right to choose not to have an Advisor in the initial stages of the resolution process, prior to a hearing.

2. Advisor's Role in Meetings and Interviews
   The parties may be accompanied by their Advisor in all meetings and interviews at which the party is entitled to be present, including intake and interviews. Advisors should help the parties prepare for each meeting and are expected to advise ethically, with integrity, and in good faith.

   Washington & Jefferson College cannot guarantee equal Advisory rights, meaning that if one party selects an Advisor who is an attorney, but the other party does not or cannot afford an attorney, Washington & Jefferson College is not obligated to provide an attorney.

3. Advisor Violations of Washington & Jefferson College Policy
   All Advisors are subject to the same Washington & Jefferson College policies and procedures, whether they are attorneys or not. Advisors are expected to advise their advisees without disrupting proceedings.

   The parties are expected to ask and respond to questions on their own behalf throughout the investigation phase of the resolution process. Although the Advisor generally may not speak on behalf of their advisee, the Advisor may consult with their advisee, either privately as needed, or by conferring or passing notes during any resolution process meeting or interview. For longer or more involved discussions, the parties and their Advisors should ask for breaks to allow for private consultation.

   Any Advisor who oversteps their role as defined by this policy will be warned only once. If the Advisor continues to disrupt or otherwise fails to respect the limits of the Advisor role, the meeting will be ended, or other appropriate measures implemented. Subsequently, the Title IX Coordinator will determine how to address the Advisor's non-compliance and future role.

4. Sharing Information with the Advisor
   Washington & Jefferson College expects that the parties may wish to have Washington &
   Jefferson College share documentation and evidence related to the allegations with their Advisors. Parties may share this information directly with their Advisor or other individuals if they wish. Doing so may help the parties participate more meaningfully in the resolution process.

   Washington & Jefferson College also provides a consent form that authorizes Washington & Jefferson College to share such information directly with their Advisor. The parties must either complete and submit this form to the Title IX Coordinator or provide similar documentation demonstrating consent to a release of information to the Advisor before Washington & Jefferson College is able to share records with an Advisor.

5. Privacy of Records Shared with Advisor
   Advisors are expected to maintain the privacy of the records shared with them.
6. Expectations of an Advisor
   Washington & Jefferson College generally expects an Advisor to adjust their schedule to allow them to attend Washington & Jefferson College meetings when planned but may change scheduled meetings to accommodate an Advisor's inability to attend, if doing so does not cause an unreasonable delay.

   Washington & Jefferson College may also make reasonable provisions to allow an Advisor who cannot attend in person to attend a meeting by telephone, video conferencing, or other similar technologies as may be convenient and available.

7. Resolution Processes

Resolution proceedings are private. All persons present at any time during the resolution process are expected to maintain the privacy of the proceedings in accordance with
Washington & Jefferson College policy. Although there is an expectation of privacy around what Investigators share with parties during interviews, the parties have discretion to share their own knowledge and evidence with others if they so choose, with the exception of information the parties agree not to disclose related to Informal Resolution, discussed below. Washington & Jefferson College encourages parties to discuss any sharing of information with their Advisors before doing so.

1. Informal Resolution
   Informal Resolution can include three different approaches:

   • When the Title IX Coordinator can resolve the matter informally by providing supportive measures (only) to remedy the situation.
   • When the parties agree to resolve the matter through an alternate resolution mechanism as described below, [including mediation, restorative practices, etc.], usually before a formal investigation takes place; see discussion in b., below.
   • When the Respondent accepts responsibility for violating policy, and desires to accept a sanction and end the resolution process (similar to above, but usually occurs post investigation); see discussion in c., below.

   To initiate Informal Resolution, a Complainant needs to submit a complaint, as defined above.  A Respondent who wishes to initiate Informal Resolution should contact the Title IX Coordinator.

   It is not necessary to pursue Informal Resolution first in order to pursue the Grievance Process, and any party participating in Informal Resolution can stop the process at any time and begin or resume the Grievance Process.

   Prior to implementing Informal Resolution, Washington & Jefferson College will provide the parties with written notice of the reported misconduct and any sanctions or measures that may result from participating in such a process, including information regarding any records that will be maintained or shared by Washington & Jefferson College.

   Washington & Jefferson College will obtain voluntary, written confirmation that all parties wish to resolve the matter through Informal Resolution before proceeding and will not pressure the parties to participate in Informal Resolution.

2. Alternate Resolution Mechanism
   Alternate Resolution is an informal mechanism [including mediation or restorative practices, etc.] by which the parties reach a mutually agreed upon resolution of an allegation. All parties must consent to the use of an Alternate Resolution mechanism.

   The Title IX Coordinator may look to the following factors to assess whether Alternate Resolution is appropriate, or which form of Alternate Resolution may be most successful for the parties:

   • The parties' amenability to Alternate Resolution;
   • Likelihood of potential resolution, taking into account any power dynamics between the parties;
   • The parties' motivation to participate;
   • Civility of the parties;
   • Results of a violence risk assessment/ongoing risk analysis;
   • Disciplinary history;
   • Whether an emergency removal is needed;
   • Complaint complexity;
   • Emotional investment/capability of the parties;
   • Rationality of the parties;
   • Goals of the parties;
   • The ultimate determination of whether Alternate Resolution is available or successful is to be made by the Title IX Coordinator. The Title IX Coordinator maintains records of any resolution that is reached, and failure to abide by the resolution agreement may result in appropriate responsive/disciplinary actions. Results of complaints resolved by Informal Resolution or Alternate Resolution are not appealable.

3. Respondent Accepts Responsibility for Alleged Violations 
   The Respondent may accept responsibility for all or part of the alleged policy violations at any point during the resolution process. If the Respondent indicates an intent to accept
   responsibility for all of the alleged misconduct, the formal process will be paused, and the Title IX Coordinator will determine whether Informal Resolution can be used according to the criteria above.

   If Informal Resolution is applicable, the Title IX Coordinator will determine whether all parties and Washington & Jefferson College are able to agree on responsibility, sanctions, and/or remedies. If so, the Title IX Coordinator implements the accepted finding that the Respondent is in violation of Washington & Jefferson College policy and implements agreed-upon sanctions and/or remedies, in coordination with other appropriate administrator(s), as necessary.

   This result is not subject to appeal once all parties indicate their written assent to all agreed upon terms of resolution. When the parties cannot agree on all terms of resolution, the Grievance Process will resume at the same point where it was paused.

   When a resolution is accomplished, the appropriate sanction or responsive actions are promptly implemented to effectively stop the harassment or discrimination, prevent its recurrence, and remedy the effects of the discriminatory conduct, both on the Complainant and the community.

4. Negotiated Resolution
   The Title IX Coordinator, with the consent of the parties, may negotiate and implement an agreement to resolve the allegations that satisfies all parties and Washington & Jefferson College. Negotiated Resolutions are not appealable.

8. Grievance Process: Notice of Investigation and Allegations

The Title IX Coordinator will provide written notice of the investigation and allegations (the "NOIA") to the Respondent upon commencement of the Grievance Process. This facilitates the Respondent's ability to prepare for the interview and to identify and choose an Advisor to accompany them. The NOIA is also copied to the Complainant, who is to be given advance notice of when the NOIA will be delivered to the Respondent.

The NOIA will include:

• A meaningful summary of all of allegations,
• The identity of the involved parties (if known),
• The precise misconduct being alleged,
• The date and location of the alleged incident(s) (if known),
• The specific policies implicated,
• A description of the applicable procedures,
• A statement of the potential sanctions/responsive actions that could result,
• A statement that Washington & Jefferson College presumes the Respondent is not responsible for the reported misconduct unless and until the evidence supports a different determination,
• A statement that determinations of responsibility are made at the conclusion of the process and that the parties will be given an opportunity to access all directly related and/or relevant evidence obtained during the review and comment period,
• A statement about Washington & Jefferson College's policy on retaliation,
• Information about the privacy of the process,
• Information on the need for each party to have an Advisor of their choosing and suggestions for ways to identify an Advisor,
• A statement informing the parties that Washington & Jefferson College's Policy prohibits knowingly making false statements, including knowingly submitting false information during the resolution process,
• Detail on how the party may request disability accommodations during the interview and grievance process,
• The name(s) of the Investigator(s), along with a process to identify, in advance of the interview process, to the Title IX Coordinator any conflict of interest that the Investigator(s) may have, and
• An instruction to preserve any evidence that is directly related to the allegations.

Amendments and updates to the NOIA may be made as the investigation progresses and more information becomes available regarding the addition or dismissal of various charges.

Notice will be made in writing and may be delivered by one or more of the following methods:
in person or emailed to the parties' Washington & Jefferson College-issued email or designated accounts. Once mailed, emailed, and/or received in-person, notice will be presumptively delivered.

9. Ensuring Impartiality

Any individual materially involved in the administration of the resolution process [including the Title IX Coordinator, Investigator(s), and Decision-maker(s)] may neither have nor demonstrate a conflict of interest or bias for a party generally, or for a specific Complainant or Respondent.

The Title IX Coordinator will vet the assigned Investigator(s) to ensure impartiality by ensuring there are no actual or apparent conflicts of interest or disqualifying biases. The parties may, at any time during the resolution process, raise a concern regarding bias or conflict of interest, and the Title IX Coordinator will determine whether the concern is reasonable and supportable.

The Grievance Process involves an objective evaluation of all relevant evidence obtained, including evidence that supports that the Respondent engaged in a policy violation and evidence that supports that the Respondent did not engage in a policy violation. Credibility determinations may not be based solely on an individual's status or participation as a Complainant, Respondent, or witness.

Washington & Jefferson College operates with the presumption that the Respondent is not responsible for the reported misconduct unless and until the Respondent is determined to be responsible for a policy violation by the applicable standard of proof.

10. Steps in the Investigation Process

All investigations are thorough, reliable, impartial, prompt, and fair. Investigations involve interviews with all relevant parties and witnesses; obtaining available, relevant evidence; and identifying sources of expert information, as necessary.

All parties have a full and fair opportunity, through the investigation process, to suggest witnesses and questions, to provide evidence and expert witnesses, and to access and respond to all evidence on the record.

The Investigator(s) typically take(s) the following steps, if not already completed (not necessarily in this order):

• Commence a thorough, reliable, and impartial investigation by identifying issues and developing a strategic investigation plan, including a witness list, evidence list, intended investigation timeframe, and order of interviews for all witnesses and the parties
• Provide each interviewed party and witness an opportunity to review and verify the Investigator's transcript of the testimony from their and the other party's respective interviews and meetings
• When participation of a party is expected, provide that party with written notice of the date, time, and location of the meeting, as well as the expected participants and purpose
• Interview all available, relevant witnesses and conduct follow-up interviews as necessary
• Allow each party the opportunity to suggest witnesses and questions they wish the Investigator(s) to ask of the other party and witnesses
• Complete the investigation promptly and without unreasonable deviation from the intended timeline
• Provide regular status updates to the parties throughout the investigation
• Write a comprehensive investigation report fully summarizing the investigation, all witness interviews, and addressing all relevant evidence
• Prior to the conclusion of the investigation, provide the parties and their respective Advisors (if so desired by the parties) a secured electronic or hard copy of the draft investigation report as well as an opportunity to access all the evidence obtained as part of the investigation that is directly related to the reported misconduct and not otherwise impermissible.  Parties will be given ten (10) business days review and comment period so that each party may meaningfully respond to the evidence. The parties may elect to waive the full ten days.
• After the investigation is complete, all evidence will be kept secure in the Title IX Coordinator's office and can be accessed by the parties during the review period in the Title IX Coordinator's office with the coordinator and/or the Investigator(s) present.
• The Investigator(s) will incorporate relevant elements of the parties' written responses into the final investigation report, include any additional relevant evidence, make any necessary revisions, and finalize the report. The Investigator(s) should document all rationales for any changes made after the review and comment period
• The Investigator(s) will incorporate any relevant feedback, and the final report is then shared with all parties and their Advisors through secure electronic transmission or hard copy at least five (5) business days prior to a hearing.

11. Role and Participation of Witnesses in the Investigation

Witnesses (as distinguished from the parties) who are employees of Washington & Jefferson College are expected to cooperate with and participate in Washington & Jefferson College's investigation and resolution process. Failure of such witnesses to cooperate with and/or participate in the investigation or resolution process constitutes a violation of policy and may warrant discipline.

Although in-person interviews for parties and all potential witnesses are ideal, circumstances
(e.g., study abroad, summer break) may require individuals to be interviewed remotely. TEAMS,
Zoom, FaceTime, WebEx, or similar technologies may be used for interviews if the
Investigator(s) determine that timeliness or efficiency dictate a need for remote interviewing. Washington & Jefferson College will take appropriate steps to reasonably ensure the security/privacy of remote interviews.

12. Recording of Interviews

No unauthorized audio or video recording of any kind is permitted during investigation meetings. Investigators will, at a minimum, produce an audio recording of every interview for the purpose of obtaining a written transcript. Both parties and witnesses will be reminded of audio or video recordings at the time of the interview.

13. Evidentiary Considerations in the Investigation

The investigation does not consider: 1) incidents not directly related to the possible violation, unless they evidence a pattern; 2) questions and evidence about the Complainant's sexual predisposition or prior sexual behavior, unless such questions and evidence about the Complainant's prior sexual behavior are offered to prove that someone other than the Respondent committed the conduct alleged by the Complainant, or if the questions and evidence concern specific incidents of the Complainant's prior sexual behavior with respect to the Respondent and are offered to prove consent. Within the boundaries stated above, the investigation can consider character evidence generally, if offered, but that evidence is unlikely to be relevant unless it is fact evidence or relates to a pattern of conduct.

14. Referral for Hearing

Provided that the complaint is not resolved through Informal Resolution, once the final investigation report is shared with the parties, the Title IX Coordinator may refer the matter for a hearing. The hearing should be held as soon as practical at the conclusion of the investigation -when the final investigation report is transmitted to the parties and the Decision-maker-unless all parties and the Decision-maker agree to an expedited timeline.

15. Evidentiary Considerations in the Hearing

Any evidence that the Decision-maker(s) determine(s) is relevant and credible may be considered. The hearing does not consider: 1) incidents not directly related to the possible violation, unless they evidence a pattern; 2) questions and evidence about the Complainant's sexual predisposition or prior sexual behavior, unless such questions and evidence about the Complainant's prior sexual behavior are offered to prove that someone other than the Respondent committed the conduct alleged by the Complainant, or if the questions and evidence concern specific incidents of the Complainant's prior sexual behavior with respect to the Respondent and are offered to prove consent.

Within the boundaries stated above, the hearing can consider character evidence generally, if offered, but that evidence is unlikely to be relevant unless it is fact evidence or relates to a pattern of conduct. Previous disciplinary action of any kind involving the Respondent may be considered in determining an appropriate sanction upon a determination of responsibility, assuming Washington & Jefferson College uses a progressive discipline system. This information is only considered at the sanction stage of the process and is not shared until then.

The parties may each submit a written impact statement prior to the hearing for the consideration of the Decision-maker(s) at the sanction stage of the process when a
determination of responsibility is reached.

16. Notice of Hearing

No less than five (5) business days prior to the hearing, the Title IX Coordinator will send notice of the hearing to the parties. Once mailed, emailed, and/or received in-person, notice will be presumptively delivered.

The notice will contain:

• A description of the alleged violation(s), a list of all policies allegedly violated, a description of the applicable procedures, and a statement of the potential sanctions/responsive actions that could result.
• The time, date, and location of the hearing and a reminder that attendance is mandatory, superseding all other campus activities.
• Any technology that will be used to facilitate the hearing.
• Information about the option for the live hearing to occur with the parties located in separate rooms using technology that enables the Decision-maker(s) and parties to see and hear a party or witness answering questions. Such a request must be raised with the Title IX Coordinator at least three (3) business days prior to the hearing.
• A list of all those who will attend the hearing, along with an invitation to object to any Decision-maker on the basis of demonstrated bias. This must be raised with the Title IX Coordinator at least two (2) business days prior to the hearing.
• Information on how the hearing will be recorded and on access to the recording for the parties after the hearing.
• A statement that if any party or witness does not appear at the scheduled hearing, the hearing may be held in their absence. For compelling reasons, the Decision-Maker or Title IX Coordinator may reschedule the hearing.
• Notification that the parties must have the assistance of an Advisor of their choosing at the hearing and will be required to have one present for any questions they may desire to ask. The party must notify the Title IX Coordinator if they do not have an Advisor, and Washington & Jefferson College will appoint one. Each party must have an Advisor present. There are no exceptions.
• An invitation to each party to submit an impact statement that the Decision-maker will review during any sanction determination.
• An invitation to contact the Title IX Coordinator to arrange any disability accommodations, language assistance, and/or interpretation services that may be needed at the hearing, at least three (3) business days prior to the hearing.
• Whether parties can/cannot bring mobile phones/devices into the hearing.

Hearings for possible violations that occur near or after the end of an academic term (assuming the Respondent is still subject to this Policy) and are unable to be resolved prior to the end of term will typically be held immediately after the end of the term or during the summer, as needed, to meet the resolution timeline followed by Washington & Jefferson College and remain within the 60-90 business day goal for resolution. In these cases, if the Respondent is a graduating student, a hold may be placed on graduation and/or official transcripts until the matter is fully resolved (including any appeal). A student facing charges under this Policy is not in good standing to graduate.

17. Alternative Hearing Participation Options

If a party or parties prefer not to attend or cannot attend the hearing in person, the party should request alternative arrangements from the Title IX Coordinator at least three (3) business days prior to the hearing.

The Title IX Coordinator can arrange to use technology to allow remote testimony without compromising the fairness of the hearing. Remote options may also be needed for witnesses who cannot appear in person. Any witness who cannot attend in person should let the Title IX Coordinator know at least three (3) business days prior to the hearing so that appropriate arrangements can be made.

18. Hearing Procedures

At the hearing, the Decision-maker(s) has the authority to hear and make determinations on all allegations of discrimination, harassment, and/or retaliation and may also hear and make determinations on any additional alleged policy violations that have occurred in concert with the discrimination, harassment, and/or retaliation, even though those collateral allegations may not specifically fall within the policy on Equal Opportunity, Harassment, and Nondiscrimination.

Participants at the hearing will include the Decision-Maker(s), the hearing facilitator, the Investigator(s) who conducted the investigation, the parties (or three (3) organizational representatives when an organization is the Respondent), Advisors to the parties, any called witnesses, and anyone providing authorized accommodations or assistive services.  Each party may also have one support person.

The Title IX Coordinator will answer all questions of procedure.Anyone appearing at the hearing to provide information will respond to questions on their own behalf.

Witnesses who have relevant information will appear at a portion of the hearing in order to respond to specific questions from the Decision-maker(s) and the parties and the witnesses will then be excused.

19. The Order of the Hearing

The Title IX Coordinator explains the procedures and introduces the participants. The Investigator(s) will then present a summary of the final investigation report and will be subject to questioning by the Decision-maker(s) and the parties (through their Advisors). The Investigator(s) will be present during the entire hearing process, but not during deliberations.

Neither the parties nor the Decision-maker(s) should ask the Investigator(s) their opinions on credibility, recommended findings, or determinations, and the Investigators, Advisors, and parties will refrain from discussion of or questions about these assessments. If such information is introduced, the Decision-maker will direct that it be disregarded.

Once the Investigator(s) present their report and are questioned, the parties and witnesses may provide relevant information in turn, beginning with the Complainant, and then the Respondent. The parties/witnesses will submit to questioning by the Decision-maker(s) and then by the parties through their Advisors ("cross-examination").

All questions are subject to a relevance determination by the Decision-maker. The Advisor, who will remain seated during questioning, will pose the proposed question orally, electronically, or in writing (the proceeding will pause to allow the Decision-maker to consider it (and state it if it has not been stated aloud), and the Decision-maker will determine whether the question will be permitted, disallowed, or rephrased.

The Decision-maker will limit or disallow questions on the basis that they are irrelevant, unduly repetitious (and thus irrelevant), or abusive. The Decision-maker has final say on all questions and determinations of relevance. The Decision-maker may ask Advisors to frame why a question is or is not relevant from their perspective but will not entertain argument from the Advisors on relevance once the Decision-maker has ruled on a question.

Once questioning of each party and witness(s) is complete, the parties will have the opportunity to read an impact statement.  The impact statement will not be used to determine responsibility but will be used during the deliberation process in determining appropriate sanctions, if necessary.

20. Recording Hearings

Hearings (but not deliberations) are recorded by Washington & Jefferson College for purposes of review in the event of an appeal. The parties may not record the proceedings and no other unauthorized recordings are permitted.

The Decision-maker(s), the parties, their Advisors, and appropriate administrators of Washington & Jefferson College will be permitted to listen to the recording in a controlled environment determined by the Title IX Coordinator. No person will be given or be allowed to make a copy of the recording.

21. Deliberation, Decision-making, and Standard of Proof

The Decision-maker(s) will deliberate in closed session to determine whether the Respondent is responsible or not responsible for the policy violation(s) in question. The preponderance of the evidence standard of proof is used. The Title IX Coordinator, if not serving as Decision-maker, will attend the deliberation, but is there only to facilitate procedurally, not to address the substance of the allegations.

When there is a finding of responsibility on one or more of the allegations, the Decision-maker(s) may then consider the previously submitted party impact statements in determining appropriate sanction(s).  The Decision-maker(s) may - at their discretion - consider the statements, but they are not binding.  The Decision-maker(s) will review the statements and any pertinent conduct history provided by appropriate administrators and will determine the appropriate sanction(s) in consultation with other appropriate administrators, as required.

The Decision-maker will then prepare a written deliberation statement and deliver it to the Title IX Coordinator, detailing the determination, rationale, the evidence used in support of its determination, the evidence not relied upon in its determination, credibility assessments, and any sanctions.

This report must be submitted to the Title IX Coordinator within two (2) business days of the end of deliberations, unless the Title IX Coordinator grants an extension. If an extension is granted, the Title IX Coordinator will notify the parties.

22. Notice of Outcome

Using the deliberation statement, the Title IX Coordinator will work with the Decision-maker to prepare a Notice of Outcome. The Title IX Coordinator will then share the letter, including the final determination, rationale, and any applicable sanction(s) with the parties and their Advisors within three (3) business days of receiving the Decision-maker(s) deliberation statement.

The Notice of Outcome will then be shared with the parties simultaneously. Notification will be made in writing and may be delivered by one or more of the following methods: in person, mailed to the local or permanent address of the parties as indicated in official Washington & Jefferson College records, or emailed to the parties' Washington & Jefferson College-issued email or otherwise approved account. Once mailed, emailed, and/or received in-person, notice will be presumptively delivered.

The Notice of Outcome will articulate the specific policy(ies) reported to have been violated, including the relevant policy section, and will contain a description of the procedural steps taken by Washington & Jefferson College.

The Notice of Outcome will specify the finding on each alleged policy violation; the findings of fact that support the determination; conclusions regarding the application of the relevant policy to the facts at issue; a statement of, and rationale for, the result of each allegation to the extent Washington & Jefferson College is permitted to share such information under state or federal law; any sanctions issued which Washington & Jefferson College is permitted to share according to state or federal law; and any remedies provided to the Complainant designed to ensure access to Washington & Jefferson College's educational or employment program or activity, to the extent Washington & Jefferson College is permitted to share such information under state or federal law (this detail is not typically shared with the Respondent unless the remedy directly relates to the Respondent).

The Notice of Outcome will also include information on when the results are considered by Washington & Jefferson College to be final, any changes that occur prior to finalization, and the relevant procedures and bases for any available appeal options.

23. Statement of the Rights of the Parties

A Statement of Rights is contained in the Student, Employee, and/or Faculty Handbook.

24. Withdrawal or Resignation While Charges Pending

• Students: If a student has an allegation pending for violation of the Title IX Policy, Washington & Jefferson College may place a hold on a student's ability to graduate and/or to receive an official transcript/diploma.

  Should a student decide to not participate in the resolution process, the process proceeds absent their participation to a reasonable resolution. Should a student Respondent permanently withdraw from Washington & Jefferson College, the resolution process ends, as Washington & Jefferson College no longer has disciplinary jurisdiction over the withdrawn student.

  However, Washington & Jefferson College will continue to address and remedy any systemic issues, variables that may have contributed to the alleged violation(s), and any ongoing effects of the alleged harassment, discrimination, and/or retaliation. The student who withdraws or leaves while the process is pending may not return to Washington & Jefferson College. Such exclusion applies to all campuses of Washington & Jefferson College. A hold will be placed on their ability to be readmitted. They may also be barred from Washington & Jefferson College property and/or events.

  If the student Respondent only withdraws or takes a leave for a specified period of time (e.g., one semester or term), the resolution process may continue remotely, and that student is not permitted to return to Washington & Jefferson College unless and until all sanctions have been satisfied.

• Employees: Should an employee Respondent resign with unresolved allegations pending, the resolution process ends, as Washington & Jefferson College no longer has disciplinary jurisdiction over the resigned employee.

  However, Washington & Jefferson College will continue to address and remedy any systemic issues, variables that contributed to the alleged violation(s), and any ongoing effects of the alleged harassment or discrimination.

  The employee who resigns with unresolved allegations pending is not eligible for rehire with Washington & Jefferson College, and the records retained by the Title IX Coordinator and Human Resources will reflect that status.

  All Washington & Jefferson College responses to future inquiries regarding employment references for that individual will include that the former employee resigned during a pending disciplinary matter.

25. Long-Term Remedies/Other Actions

Following the conclusion of the resolution process, and in addition to any sanctions implemented, the Title IX Coordinator may implement additional long-term remedies or actions with respect to the parties and/or the campus community that are intended to stop the harassment, discrimination, and/or retaliation, remedy the effects, and prevent reoccurrence.

These remedies/actions may include, but are not limited to:

• Referral to counseling and health services
• Referral to the Employee Assistance Program
• Education to the individual and/or the community
• Permanent alteration of housing assignments
• Permanent alteration of work arrangements for employees
• Provision of campus safety escorts
• Climate surveys
• Policy modification and/or training
• Provision of transportation accommodations
• Implementation of long-term contact limitations between the parties
• Implementation of adjustments to academic deadlines, course schedules, etc.

At the discretion of the Title IX Coordinator, certain long-term support or measures may also be provided to the parties even if no policy violation is found.  When no policy violation is found, the Title IX Coordinator will address any remedies owed by Washington & Jefferson College to the Respondent to ensure no effective denial of educational access.

Washington & Jefferson College will maintain the privacy of any long-term remedies/actions/measures, provided privacy does not impair Washington & Jefferson College's ability to provide these services.

26. Failure to Comply with Sanctions and/or Interim and Long-term Remedies and/or Responsive Actions

All Respondents are expected to comply with the assigned sanctions, responsive actions, and/or corrective actions within the timeframe specified by the final Decision-maker(s) (including the Appeal Chair).

Failure to abide by the sanction(s)/action(s) imposed by the date specified, whether by refusal, neglect, or any other reason, may result in additional sanction(s)/action(s), including suspension, expulsion, and/or termination from Washington & Jefferson College and may be noted on a student's official transcript.

A suspension will only be lifted when compliance is achieved to the satisfaction of the Title IX Coordinator.